AUTOMATION OF SONOROUS SOUNDS [L], [R] THROUGH THE USE OF THE DIDACTIC MANUAL «PLAYING AND DEVELOPING»

Автор: Шмакова Полина Владиславовна

Организация: НИУ «БелГУ»

Населенный пункт: Рязанская область, г. Рязань

Proper pronunciation, with correct articulation of sounds, expressively constructed phrasing, adherence to lexical and grammatical rules, and a rich vocabulary – these are the most important conditions for a child's harmonious development. When pronunciation is expressive, the child can easily express their thoughts.

In recent years, there has been a trend toward an increase in the number of students with pronunciation disorders, for whom timely correctional and pedagogical assistance is very important.

Scientists (A.R. Luria, M.M. Koltsova) have proven that speech and fine motor skills are interconnected. The areas responsible for the development of speech and fine motor skills are located close together in the human brain. By developing fine motor skills and tactile sensations, we also develop speech.

We have developed a didactic aid for the automation of sonorant sounds [l] and [r] called «Play and Develop». The aid is made of felt. The material is safe, pleasant to the touch, warm, soft, and fibrous, which is important for a child's tactile sensations. Such a didactic aid attracts the students' attention. Children can play with interest: looking, touching, attaching figures or cards with Velcro or hooks, putting them into pockets, and sharing their impressions. Furthermore, the didactic aid is multifunctional: the didactic materials are varied, and it can be used according to the specific goal of a particular lesson. Cards from one game can be used in other games. The developed games are aimed at reinforcing sound pronunciation, differentiating sounds, developing sound-letter analysis, phonemic hearing, correcting the lexical and grammatical aspects of speech, developing coherent speech, fine motor skills, and visual memory.

The didactic aid «Play and Develop» consists of various fields: «Sound Paths», «Rest by the Lake», «Vegetable Garden», «Orchard», «Little Meadow», etc. Below, we will examine their content in more detail.

Articulation gymnastics «The Little Tongue Sunbathes». Didactic objectives: to practice full movements and specific positions of the articulatory organs necessary for correct sound pronunciation; to create game motivation when performing articulation exercises. The teacher-defectologist shows the student a picture of the sun with pockets on its rays and pictures depicting articulation exercises. The child chooses a picture, performs the corresponding articulation exercise, and attaches the picture into a pocket.

Didactic game «Sound Paths». Didactic objectives: to reinforce the isolated pronunciation of a targeted sound and the pronunciation of the sound in syllables. On a felt game board with paths, using beads (cars, smileys, buttons, pebbles, etc.), the child pronounces the sounds being reinforced and moves the beads along the paths.

Didactic game «Fist – Palm, Fist – Palm – Edge». Didactic objectives: to promote the improvement of mental functions, develop hand coordination, improve sense of rhythm, and create a positive emotional mood. On the felt game board, geometric shapes corresponding to hand positions are depicted (circle – fist, square – palm, rectangle – edge). The child alternately, following the teacher's instructions, places their hands on the shapes corresponding to the hand positions.

Didactic game «What's on the Snail?» Didactic objectives: to reinforce the correct pronunciation of the sound [l] in words with open syllables; to develop the ability to determine the presence of the sound [l] in a word; to compose sentences using visual materials. There are several game options:

1. The child takes a card, names the object depicted on it, and attaches the card to the snail's shell.

2. The student removes a card from the snail, names the object depicted on the card, and determines the number of syllables in the word.

3. The teacher-defectologist asks the student to make a sentence with specific words.

Didactic game «Pick the Apples». Didactic objectives: to reinforce the correct pronunciation of the sound [l] in words with consonant clusters; to develop the ability to determine the presence of the sound [l] in a word, and compose sentences using visual materials. Several game options can also be used:

1. The child takes an apple figure, names the object depicted on it, and attaches the apple to the tree.

2. The student names the object depicted on the apple and determines the number of syllables in the word.

3. The teacher-defectologist asks the student to name the objects on the apples and compose sentences with specific words.

Didactic game «The Storks Have Arrived». Didactic objectives: to reinforce the correct pronunciation of the sound [l] in words with closed syllables; to develop the ability to determine the presence of sounds [l] and [r] in a word, determine the number of words in a sentence, agree a noun with a numeral, and compose sentences using visual materials.

Game options:

1. The child takes a stork picture, names the object depicted on it, and places the picture on a tree or on the grass.

2. The teacher-defectologist suggests sorting the stork pictures into two columns. In the first column, place pictures whose names contain the sound [l], and in the second – those whose names contain the sound [r]. Then the teacher suggests counting the number of storks with the sound [l] and with the sound [r].

3. The teacher-defectologist asks the student to name the pictures on the storks and compose sentences with specific words.

Didactic game «Collect the Daisies». Didactic objectives: to reinforce the correct pronunciation of the sound [r] in open syllables at the beginning of a word. Game options:

1. The child names the pictures on the daisies and attaches them to the meadow.

2. The student names the object depicted on the apple and determines the number of syllables in the word.

3. The teacher-defectologist asks the student to name the objects on the daisies and compose sentences with specific words.

Didactic game «The Hen with Chicks». Didactic objectives: to reinforce the correct pronunciation of the sound [r] in words with open syllables; to develop the ability to determine the presence of the sound [r] in a word, agree a noun with a numeral, practice using prepositions, and compose sentences using visual materials. Game options:

1. The child names the picture on a chick and hides the chick under the hen. They name which object is under the hen.

2. The student takes the chicks out from under the hen and names the corresponding object they took out from under the hen.

3. The teacher-defectologist asks the student to name the objects on the chicks and compose sentences with specific words.

Didactic game «Collect the Cucumbers and Tomatoes». Didactic objectives: to reinforce the correct pronunciation of the sound [r] in words with open syllables; to develop the ability to determine the presence of the sound [r] in a word, practice using prepositions, and compose sentences using visual materials. Game options:

1. The student is shown large basket figures and small cucumber and tomato figures. The child names the objects depicted on the vegetables and puts them into the basket (plants them in the garden bed, puts them in the tractor trailer).

2. They name the pictures depicted on the vegetables, count the number of cucumbers and the number of tomatoes in the garden bed.

3. The child names the objects on the vegetables and composes sentences with specific words. While playing the didactic games «Collect the Carrots and Peppers», «Treat Yourself to Pears», and «Logs for the Beaver», similar tasks are performed, but aimed at reinforcing the correct pronunciation of the sound [r] in words with consonant clusters.

Didactic game «The Caterpillar in the Garden Bed». Didactic objectives: to develop phonemic hearing, the ability to determine the position of a sound in a word (beginning, middle, end of the word), and the number of syllables in words. Game options:

The student names the picture, determines the position of the sound in the word, and places the picture on a caterpillar segment (ball) with the diagram corresponding to the sound's position.

The student names the picture, determines the number of syllables in the word, and places it on a caterpillar segment (ball) with the number corresponding to the number of syllables (First segment – one syllable, second segment – two syllables, third segment – three syllables, etc.).

In conclusion, I would like to say that the use of game tasks in correctional sessions engages the students who come to the correctional and pedagogical assistance center after classes. As a rule, such sessions motivate students to acquire new knowledge, develop imagination, fantasy, abstract thinking, and contribute to a positive emotional mood for the students.

References

1. Grigorieva, I.A. Automation of Sounds: Traditional and Innovative Technologies / I.A. Grigorieva, N.P. Zadumova. // Speech Therapist. – 2022. No. 9. – pp. 20-26.
2. Vakulenko, L.S. Correction of Sound Pronunciation Disorders in Children: A Handbook for the Beginning Speech Therapist: teaching method. guide / St. Petersburg: Detstvo-Press, 202 – 120 p.